Can
فعل کمکی can را می توانیم در شرایط زیر استفاده کنیم:
She can swim very well.
او خیلی خوب می تواند شنا کند.
He can speak five languages.
او می تواند به پنج زبان صحبت کند.
Mistakes can happen to anyone.
اشتباه برای هر کسی ممکن است پیش بیاید.
Friends can help you feel better when you're sad.
وقتی غمگین هستی، دوستان می توانند کمک کنند حالت بهتر شود.
You can't smoke here.
اینجا نمی توانی (اجازه نداری) سیگار بکشی.
Can I take a photograph?
آیا می توانم (اجازه دارم) یک عکس بگیرم؟
Can you help me with my homework?
(آیا) می توانی / شود کمکم کنی تکالیفم را انجام دهم؟
Can you open the window, please?
ممکن است (لطفا) پنجره را باز کنی؟
در ادامه شکل های مختلف فعل کمکی can را در جملات خبری و سوالی مثبت و منفی مشاهده می کنید.
POSITIVE STATEMENTSخبری مثبت
I can do ...
You can do ...
She can do ...
He can do ...
It can do ...
We can do ...
You can do ...
They can do ...
NEGATIVE STATEMENTSخبری منفی
I cannot / can't do ...
You cannot / can't do ...
She cannot / can't do ...
He cannot / can't do ...
We cannot / can't do ...
You cannot / can't do ...
They cannot / can't do ...
POSITIVE QUESTIONSسوالی مثبت
Can I do ...?
Can you do ...?
Can she do ...?
Can he do ...?
Can it do ...?
Can we do ...?
Can you do ...?
Can they do ...?
NEGATIVE QUESTIONSسوالی منفی
Can I not / Can't I do ...?
Can you not / Can't you do ...?
Can she not / Can't she do ...?
Can he not / Can't he do ...?
Can it not / Can't it do ...?
Can we not / Can't we do ...?
Can you not / Can't you do ...?
Can they not / Can't they do ...?
SHORT ANSWERSپاسخ کوتاه
Yes, I can. / No, I can't.
Yes, you can. / No, you can't.
Yes, she can. / No, she can't.
Yes, he can. / No, he can't.
Yes, it can. / No, it can't.
Yes, we can. / No, we can't.
Yes, you can. / No, you can't.
Yes, they can. / No, they can't.
همانطور که مشاهده می کنید، فعل کمکی can خودش برای منفی و سوالی کردن جملات استفاده می شود.
+She can play the piano.
او می تواند پیانو بزند.
-She cannot / can't play the piano.
او نمی تواند پیانو بزند.
+?Can she play the piano?
آیا او می تواند پیانو بزند؟
-?Can she not / Can't she play the piano?
آیا او نمی تواند پیانو بزند؟
Yes, she can. / No, she can't.
بله، می تواند. / نه، نمی تواند.
بعد از فعل کمکی can شکل ساده فعل را استفاده می کنیم که نه ing- می گیرد، نه ed-، نه s سوم شخص مفرد و نه قبلش to می آید.
She cans plays the piano well.
در جملات منفی مصطلح تر است "cannot" را به صورت یک کلمه، چسبیده و بدون فاصله بنویسیم.
Exercises
Complete each sentence with the correct form of "can" and a verb from the list below.open | tell | see | play | use | catch
1.I'm sorry, I ____ you on the weekend. I'm so busy.
I'm sorry, I can't see you on the weekend. I'm so busy.
2.Excuse me, I think I'm lost. ____ I ____ your cell phone to call my parents?
Excuse me, I think I'm lost. Can I use your cell phone to call my parents?
3.It's too hot. ____ I ____ the window?
It's too hot. Can I open the window?
4.The dog is so smart. It ____ the ball when I throw it.
The dog is so smart. It can catch the ball when I throw it.
5.We ____ together after school if you want.
We can play together after school if you want.
6.____ you ____ me how to get to the library from here?
Can you tell me how to get to the library from here?